Winter on the Bighorn is a well-kept secret. While most rivers across Montana are locked in ice, the Bighorn runs clear and fishable year-round — a tailwater fishery fed by cold, consistent releases from Yellowtail Dam that keeps conditions stable even in the heart of winter.
January fishing has been surprisingly good. Mild weather and steady flows have created favorable conditions for anglers willing to brave the cold. Nymphing has been the most consistent method, with sowbugs and scuds producing reliably subsurface.
Fish are congregating in the slower, deeper runs where they can conserve energy in cold water. The key is getting your flies down — if you're not ticking bottom, add weight before you change patterns.
What's Working — January
Nymphs: Sowbug #16, Scud #16, BWO Nymph paired with your sowbug, Pearl/Olive Jiggy Perdigon, Pheasant Tail #16-18
Streamers: Sparkle Minnow, Skiddish Smolt, Swim Coach — slow and deep near structure
Target: Slower runs and deeper buckets — fish are conserving energy and won't move far for a fly
A Note on Licenses
Effective March 1, 2026, Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks no longer allows fly shops to sell fishing licenses on-site. Purchase your license online before arriving in Fort Smith — cell service can be unreliable in the area.